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# How to resize a FreeBSD partition

After upgrading your service you might need to expand an existing partition to take advantage of additional disk space. Below is a practical step-by-step guide to resizing a FreeBSD partition and expanding a ZFS pool.

---

## 1. Identify the Disk and Partition

Start by listing all disks and partitions using `gpart`:

```sh
gpart show
```

This will display something like:

```
=>       40  104857520  da0  GPT  (50G)
         40       1024    1  freebsd-boot  (512K)
       1064    2097152    2  freebsd-swap  (1.0G)
    2098216  102400000    5  freebsd-zfs   (48G)
```

* **Disk name:** `da0`
* **Partition to resize:** `da0p5` (index `5`)  

---

## 2. Recover Partition Table (If Needed)

Sometimes `gpart show` may display `[CORRUPT]` next to your disk after resizing it in the hypervisor. To fix this, run:

```sh
gpart recover da0
```

This will rebuild the partition table so the system recognizes the full disk size.

---

## 3. Resize the Partition

Next, resize the partition itself. Use the partition index you identified earlier (`-i 5` in this example):

```sh
gpart resize -i 5 da0
```

This command expands partition **5** on disk **da0** to fill the available space.

---

## 4. Expand the ZFS Pool

Even though the partition is larger, ZFS won’t automatically use the new space. Tell ZFS to expand the pool:

```sh
zpool online -e zroot da0p5
```

* `zroot` is the name of the ZFS pool.
* `da0p5` is the resized partition.

After this, your ZFS pool should immediately reflect the additional storage.

---

## 5. Verify the Expansion

Finally, check that the pool size has increased:

```sh
zpool list
```

You should now see the new, larger capacity available.

---

## Summary

To resize a FreeBSD partition and expand a ZFS pool:

1. **Identify the disk and partition**: `gpart show`
2. **Recover partition table if needed**: `gpart recover da0`
3. **Resize the partition**: `gpart resize -i 5 da0`
4. **Expand the ZFS pool**: `zpool online -e zroot da0p5`
5. **Verify the results**: `zpool list`

This process is quick, safe, and requires no reboot in most cases.